U.S. House of Representatives election, 2006

Elections to the 109th United States House of Representatives were held on November 2, 2004. The House of Representatives has 435 seats; in the 108th Congress, Republicans held 227 seats, Democrats held 205, with two Republican vacancies and one independent. As a consequence of this election, the 109th United States House of Representatives is composed of 232 Republicans, 202 Democrats and one independent, Bernard Sanders of Vermont (who usually votes with the Democrats). The Republicans built up their House majority by 3 seats (gaining 7 but losing 4).

Of the seven gross seats the Republicans gained, five can be attributed to a special redistricting plan in Texas led by Republican Representative Tom DeLay. His redistricting plan was put into action, turning five Democratic seats Republican. A mid-decade redistricting like this was unprecedented and controversial.

Outside of Texas, Democrats gained two seats net, gaining open seats in Colorado and New York and ousting incumbents in Georgia and Illinois. Republicans gained an open seat in Kentucky and ousted an incumbent in Indiana. A pair of seats in Louisiana swapped party control.

On the same date occurred:
 * the U.S. Presidential election, 2004
 * the U.S. Senate election, 2004

Table showing incumbents for each district by party

Voting members
Key to party abbreviations: C=Constitution, D=Democrat, G=Green, I=Independent, IP=Independence Party, L=Libertarian, R=Republican

Louisiana
On December 4, 2004, a run-off election was held to determine the winner of the 3rd and 7th Congressional districts. In the 3rd district, Charlie Melancon narrowly defeated Billy Tauzin III 50.25-49.75. In the 7th district, Charles Boustany defeated Willie Mount 55-45. Thus, both seats switched to the opposite party.



Washington
All seven Washington incumbents that ran for re-election, none of whom faced viable challengers, were returned to Congress. None received less than 60% of the vote, and one received over 80%. In addition, the two seats vacated by retiring Republicans were both reclaimed by Republicans despite Democratic hopes to gain at least one seat in the vulnerable 8th district.